41J Blog

This example shows you how to load a RGB tiff image, convert it to greyscale and save it as 32 and 8bit greyscale images. It will also write the same RGB image to another file.

#include "tiffio.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Image {

public:

  Image() {
  }

  void load_tiff(string input_filename) {

    m_image_data.clear();

    TIFF* tif = TIFFOpen(input_filename.c_str(), "r");
    if (tif) {
      uint32 w, h;
      size_t npixels;
      uint32* raster;

      TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, &w);
      TIFFGetField(tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, &h);
      npixels = w * h;
      m_width = w;
      m_height = h;

      raster = (uint32*) _TIFFmalloc(npixels * sizeof (uint32));
      if (raster != NULL) {
	if (TIFFReadRGBAImageOriented(tif, w, h, raster,ORIENTATION_TOPLEFT, 0)) {
	  for(size_t n=0;n<npixels;n++) m_image_data.push_back(raster&#91;n&#93;);
	}
	_TIFFfree(raster);
      }
      TIFFClose(tif);
    }
  }

  void save_tiff_rgb(string output_filename) {
    TIFF *output_image;

    // Open the TIFF file
    if((output_image = TIFFOpen(output_filename.c_str(), "w")) == NULL){
      cerr << "Unable to write tif file: " << output_filename << endl;
    }

    // We need to set some values for basic tags before we can add any data
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, m_width);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, m_height);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, 8);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, 4);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG);

    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, COMPRESSION_DEFLATE);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, PHOTOMETRIC_RGB);

    // Write the information to the file
    TIFFWriteEncodedStrip(output_image, 0, &m_image_data&#91;0&#93;, m_width*m_height * 4);

    // Close the file
    TIFFClose(output_image);
  }

  void save_tiff_grey_32bit(string output_filename) {
    TIFF *output_image;

    // Open the TIFF file
    if((output_image = TIFFOpen(output_filename.c_str(), "w")) == NULL){
      cerr << "Unable to write tif file: " << output_filename << endl;
    }

    // We need to set some values for basic tags before we can add any data
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, m_width);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, m_height);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, 32);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, 1);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG);

    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, COMPRESSION_DEFLATE);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, PHOTOMETRIC_MINISBLACK);

    // Write the information to the file
    TIFFWriteEncodedStrip(output_image, 0, &m_image_data&#91;0&#93;, m_width*m_height * 4);

    // Close the file
    TIFFClose(output_image);
  }

  void save_tiff_grey_8bit(string output_filename) {
    TIFF *output_image;

    // Open the TIFF file
    if((output_image = TIFFOpen(output_filename.c_str(), "w")) == NULL){
      cerr << "Unable to write tif file: " << output_filename << endl;
    }

    // We need to set some values for basic tags before we can add any data
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, m_width);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, m_height);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, 8);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, 1);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG);

    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, COMPRESSION_DEFLATE);
    TIFFSetField(output_image, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, PHOTOMETRIC_MINISWHITE);

    // convert data to 8bit
    vector<uint8_t> data;
    for(size_t n=0;n<m_image_data.size();n++) {
      data.push_back(255-(m_image_data&#91;n&#93;/(256*256*256)));
    }

    // Write the information to the file
    TIFFWriteEncodedStrip(output_image, 0, &data&#91;0&#93;, m_width*m_height);

    // Close the file
    TIFFClose(output_image);
  }

  void make_greyscale() {

    for(size_t n=0;n<m_image_data.size();n++) {

      double r = TIFFGetR(m_image_data&#91;n&#93;);
      double g = TIFFGetG(m_image_data&#91;n&#93;);
      double b = TIFFGetB(m_image_data&#91;n&#93;);

      double grey = (0.3*r) + (0.59*g) + (0.11*b); // See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grayscale
      m_image_data&#91;n&#93; = grey * 256 * 256 * 256;
    }
  }

  vector<uint32_t> m_image_data;
  size_t m_width;
  size_t m_height;
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

  Image input;

  input.load_tiff(string(argv[1]));
  input.save_tiff_rgb(string(argv[2]));
  input.make_greyscale();
  input.save_tiff_grey_32bit(string(argv[3]));
  input.save_tiff_grey_8bit(string(argv[4]));
}

Compile as:

g++ makegrey.cpp -ltiff

And run as:

./a.out inputfilename.tif rgb.tif 8bitgrey.tif 32bitgrey.tif

Note: The 8bit version is slightly different than the 32bit version. It converts the data such that 0 represents white. This is because Preview.app, at least in MacOS X Lion, does not seem to be able to cope with 0 being black.

This has not been applied to the 32bit output, so this will display incorrectly in Preview. However it will display correctly in Imagemagick.